{"id":2445,"date":"2018-08-15T09:30:07","date_gmt":"2018-08-15T09:30:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/?p=2445"},"modified":"2018-08-16T01:53:00","modified_gmt":"2018-08-16T01:53:00","slug":"lich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/lich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1eeb A \u0111\u1ebfn Z"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong y h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Tuy ng\u00e0nh ra \u0111\u1eddi mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111ang d\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 <em>l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/em> qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y nh\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Xem th\u00eam:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/quy-trinh-ky-thuat-chuyen-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang\/\">145 quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/cac-truong-dao-tao-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang\/\">C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<li><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/diem-chuan-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang\/\">\u0110i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau?<\/a><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-2456 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/lich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang.jpg\" alt=\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/lich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang.jpg 600w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/lich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ebb so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng. <\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Kong Fu \u2013 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111au. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 V &#8211; TCN, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Herodicus ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II, b\u00e1c s\u0129 La M\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> N\u0103m 1569, nh\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft \u2013 Y h\u1ecdc Mercurialis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII, Niels Stenson ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"> \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1780, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt Joseph Clement Tissot \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. <\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1m ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. <\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2. Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m g\u00ec?<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2.1. Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2366 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang-lam-gi.jpg\" alt=\"Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\" width=\"600\" height=\"370\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang-lam-gi.jpg 600w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang-lam-gi-300x185.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">L\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p y h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0n t\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng xung quanh. <\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">2.2. C\u1eed nh\u00e2n sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2457 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/cu-nhan-tot-nghiep-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang.jpg\" alt=\"C\u1eed nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\" width=\"600\" height=\"400\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/cu-nhan-tot-nghiep-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang.jpg 600w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/cu-nhan-tot-nghiep-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang-300x200.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">C\u1eed nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i khoa ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf. <\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 sau:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">\u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Kh\u00e1m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">Tham gia ca\u0301c hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng y t\u00ea\u0301 c\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400; font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\">B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 <em>l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng<\/em> tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n theo ng\u00e0nh.<\/span><\/p>\n<section class=\"veu_cta\" id=\"veu_cta-790\"><h1 class=\"cta_title\">TUY\u1ec2N SINH 2024<\/h1><div class=\"cta_body\"><div class=\"cta_body_image cta_body_image_right\"><a href=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/tuyen-sinh\/thong-tin-tuyen-sinh-2023\/\" target=\"_blank\"><img width=\"750\" height=\"422\" src=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-750x422.jpg\" class=\"attachment-large size-large\" alt=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-750x422.jpg 750w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-1536x864.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner-320x180.jpg 320w, https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/07\/Banner.jpg 1890w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 750px) 100vw, 750px\" \/><\/a><\/div><div class=\"cta_body_txt image_exist\">B\u1ea1n \u0111ang ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0o ?\r<br \/>H\u00e3y li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 - t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n.\r<br \/>Hotline: 0869 809 088\r<br \/>Email: tuyensinh@4pal.net\r<br \/>\r<br \/>H\u1eb9n g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i THUV.\r<br \/><\/div><div class=\"cta_body_link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/4pal.net\/tuyen-sinh\/thong-tin-tuyen-sinh-2023\/\" class=\"btn btn-primary btn-block btn-lg\" target=\"_blank\">TH\u00d4NG TIN CHI TI\u1ebeT T\u1ea0I \u0110\u00c2Y<\/a><\/div><\/div><\/section><div class=\"veu_socialSet veu_socialSet-position-after veu_contentAddSection\"><script>window.twttr=(function(d,s,id){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0],t=window.twttr||{};if(d.getElementById(id))return t;js=d.createElement(s);js.id=id;js.src=\"https:\/\/platform.twitter.com\/widgets.js\";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);t._e=[];t.ready=function(f){t._e.push(f);};return t;}(document,\"script\",\"twitter-wjs\"));<\/script><ul><li class=\"sb_facebook sb_icon\"><a href=\"\/\/www.facebook.com\/sharer.php?src=bm&u=https%3A%2F%2F4pal.net%2Flich-su-nganh-phuc-hoi-chuc-nang%2F&amp;t=T%C3%ACm+hi%E1%BB%83u+v%E1%BB%81+l%E1%BB%8Bch+s%E1%BB%AD+ng%C3%A0nh+ph%E1%BB%A5c+h%E1%BB%93i+ch%E1%BB%A9c+n%C4%83ng+t%E1%BB%AB+A+%C4%91%E1%BA%BFn+Z+%7C+Tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng+%C4%90%E1%BA%A1i+h%E1%BB%8Dc+Y+khoa+Tokyo+Vi%E1%BB%87t+Nam\" target=\"_blank\" onclick=\"window.open(this.href,'FBwindow','width=650,height=450,menubar=no,toolbar=no,scrollbars=yes');return false;\"><span class=\"vk_icon_w_r_sns_fb icon_sns\"><\/span><span class=\"sns_txt\">Facebook<\/span><span class=\"veu_count_sns_fb\"><\/span><\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng trong y h\u1ecdc, gi\u00fap cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0n t\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb suy gi\u1ea3m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00edch nghi t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng. Tuy ng\u00e0nh ra \u0111\u1eddi mu\u1ed9n h\u01a1n c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111ang d\u1ea7n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y t\u1ebf. H\u00e3y c\u00f9ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng qua b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y nh\u00e9. Xem th\u00eam: 145 quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0110i\u1ec3m chu\u1ea9n ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 bao nhi\u00eau? 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u1ebb so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc l\u00e2u \u0111\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Tuy nhi\u00ean ng\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n xuy\u00ean su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m th\u00e1ng. T\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m \u0111au, tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1eddi Trung c\u1ed5, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Kong Fu \u2013 m\u1ed9t li\u1ec7u ph\u00e1p v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111au. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 V &#8211; TCN, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Herodicus ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hy L\u1ea1p \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u00e1c b\u00e0i t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 II, b\u00e1c s\u0129 La M\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u0103m 1569, nh\u00e0 Tri\u1ebft \u2013 Y h\u1ecdc Mercurialis \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe. Th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII, Niels Stenson ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf sinh h\u1ecdc v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1780, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt Joseph Clement Tissot \u0111\u01b0a ra \u00fd ki\u1ebfn cho r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 s\u1ebd h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n gi\u1eefa v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh trong Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, gi\u00fap h\u1ecdc th\u00edch \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y. Tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u giai \u0111o\u1ea1n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, \u0111\u1ebfn kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c y h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00e1m ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. 2. Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m g\u00ec? 2.1. Ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng &nbsp; L\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p y h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1eb7p v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng ho\u1eb7c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ebfn thu\u1ed1c m\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a t\u00e0n t\u1eadt, khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft. B\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n khi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, di chuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng xung quanh. Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng di chuy\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng hi\u1ec7n nay. 2.2. C\u1eed nh\u00e2n sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng C\u1eed nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng s\u1ebd c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i khoa ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong c\u00e1c trung t\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n. C\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, c\u00e1c nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ee5 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 sau: \u0110i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n khuy\u1ebft t\u1eadt v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft. Kh\u00e1m, l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng, c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean s\u00e2u. L\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch, ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng. C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb li\u1ec7u cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Tham gia ca\u0301c hoa\u0323t \u0111\u00f4\u0323ng y t\u00ea\u0301 c\u00f4\u0323ng \u0111\u00f4\u0300ng. B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1eebng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf cho nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 mong mu\u1ed1n theo ng\u00e0nh.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":8,"featured_media":2456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[144],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2445","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-cam-nang"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2445"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/8"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2445"}],"version-history":[{"count":6,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2445\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2489,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2445\/revisions\/2489"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2445"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2445"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/4pal.net\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2445"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}